Patronage Behavior of Indian Rural Consumers

The study has been conducted by Rajnish Tuli and by Amit Mookerjee in 2004. The study is entitled Retail Formats: Patronage Behavior of Indian Rural Consumers and has been published in the South Asian Journal of Management in its July to September 2004 issue. The purpose of the research is to investigate the customer and behaviors that marketers must consider in catering to rural consumers. The research focused on response and patronage behavior of rural consumer in their evaluation of retail outlets in India, and the decision factors influencing such behavior.In particular, the retail formats that were investigated were village shops and haats. The study presents that shopping activity cost and product purchase cost were the most influential variables for the village shot retail format. Moreover, it has been found that â€Å"bargain† and promotion incentives cause them to buy from other markets. The information derived from the study shall be useful in crafting effective prod uct placement marketing efforts. 2) Explain the business problems under investigation. The research aims to determine the reasons for the behavior and patronage of retail outlets by rural consumers.In determining such factors, retailers would be able to draft appropriate marketing strategies that influence these variables. The study proceeded with identifying the differentiators of village shops and haats in terms of various perceptual dimensions. Specifically, the study assessed the factors which affected the decision of rural consumers to either purchase from a village shop or at an outshopping center. Moreover, it is not only limited to physical attributes, but rather on psychosocial traits that affect their decision to purchase and patronage. These advantages are congruent with consumers’ value.The following are the specific objectives that the study addressed (expressed in verbatim): 1) To identify the relevant decision variables influencing the rural consumers’ p atronage behavior towards existing retail setup; and 2) To identify the most critical decision variable, which differentiates the perception of rural consumers towards the retail setup. There were several decision variables involved in the study, including access route, traveling cost, product variety, price of a particular item, credit facility, credit period, bargaining facility, bargaining gains, product quantity, returns and adjustments, and promotions.Access route pertains to the presence of geographical connections among settings or places. The study hypothesized that there is no significant difference in the perception of access route associated with the two shopping centers. The next dimension, traveling cost, refers to the cost of getting to the shopping center. It is hypothesized that there is no significant difference in the traffic barrier related to the two shopping centers. The third dimension, product variety, refers to the number of products offered by the center.The price of a particular item is defined as the economic value perceived by the consumer in purchasing a specific product from an outlet. The next dimension is credit facility which pertains to the concession accorded to consumers in purchasing from a center. Another variable is credit period which pertains to the length of time allowed for a consumer to pay off his purchase. Bargaining gains is defined as the reduction in the cost that a consumer may have access to as an outcome of negotiation with the retailer. Product quantity refers to the amount of merchandise that a consumer may avail of in choosing a center.Another variable is returns and adjustments, which pertains to the ease with which returns or defective goods are dealt with. Finally, promotions are the incentives provided by the retailer to consumers for increased brand usage and patronage. 3) Identify the parties involved in conducting the research. The respondents of the study were from 12 gram panchayats from villages in Western Uttar Pradesh and South Uttaranchal. The villages were selected using purposive sampling, with the following inclusion criterion: with more than 1000 population, having a strong retail setup with a minimum of 8 retail outlets.Tea was the product used in assessing purchase decision. 4) Describe the methods involved to conduct the research project. The dimensions utilized in retail store selection have been assessed by rural consumers in the current study. The questionnaire required respondents to make assessments through a 7-point Likert scale. A pilot study has been undertaken to evaluate the scale reliability, resulting in the dropping of two variables, namely, peer shopping behavior and retailers’ attitude. The respondents of the study were from 12 gram panchayats from villages in Western Uttar Pradesh and South Uttaranchal.The villages were selected using purposive sampling, with the following inclusion criterion: with more than 1000 population, having a strong retail setup with a minimum of 8 retail outlets. Tea was the product used in assessing purchase decision. The statistical tests that were used for the analysis included the mean, paired t-test, discriminant analysis and factor analysis. These all helped determine the pertinent factors that differentiated the two retail outlets. References Tuli, R. & Mookerjee, A. (2004). Retail formats: Patronage behavior of Indian rural consumers. South Asian Journal of Management, 11(3) 57-73.

Looking for Alibrandi by Melina Marchetta Josie Essay

In this novel (Looking for Alibrandi) Josephine Alibrandi is seen as an illegitimate 17-year-old girl who is self-centred, ignorant and sensitive about her illegitimacy and her reputation and what people say about her behind her back. She is also described as confused because she isn’t sure where she stands in life, whether she is an Australian or and Italian, and is paranoid in thinking because she is of Italian background she is constantly being victimised and society wouldn’t see her for who she is as an individual instead as an Italian or an Australian. During her final year in High School, many events take place in her life that changed her attitudes towards both her self and others, those events ranged from the most life changing events like the discovering of Nonna Katia’s secret, the reunification of herself and her long lost biological father and the tragic suicide of her best friend John Barton to the most least important events like the incident involving one of the ‘beautiful people’ Carly Bishop. Firstly, the sudden and unexpected suicide of Josephine’s best friend John Barton turns her life around, â€Å"The day John died was a nose-dive day and I hit the ground so hard that I feel as if every part of me hurts. I remembered when we spoke about our emancipation. The horror is that he had to die to achieve his. The beauty is that I’m living to achieve mine.† John Barton was one of the closest people to Josephine and they shared many things in common, she later realises how lucky she is to have to choose her own path and destiny and that some people like John Barton had their life planned out by others for them and they had no freedom over their future. Although Josephine is portrayed as a confused teenager who doesn’t who she really is and where she stands in society, her emancipation changes all that, even though her emancipation didn’t happen like the way she expected it to â€Å"†¦I’d wake up one morning and see the light. Feel liberated from everything. †¦ Maybe one particular incident would see me through it.† Her emancipation began after she believed she was wrong on what she did on St. Martha’s day and she had put little kids in danger, as a result of that she became more accepting in the fact that you are not always right, and just because she wore a badge saying she was school captain doesn’t make her one, it’s what’s inside her that makes her a leader. Furthermore, Josephine’s emancipation-in my opinion- was the main reason for her change in maturity and personality, because after she realises she is emancipated she begins to know who she really is and where she stands in life â€Å"†¦asks me what nationality I am, I’ll look at them and say I’m an Australian with Italian blood flowing rapidly through my veins. I’ll say that with pride, because it’s pride that I feel.† This proves that she is proud in being an Australian with an Italian heritage. Additionally, Josephine overcomes her nature in being paranoid when it comes to racism and multiculturalism, and how she is always being victimised by society because of her upbringing, her incident with Carly Bishop makes her realise that not everyone understands multiculturalism, â€Å"I’m not sure whether everyone in this country will ever understand multiculturalism and that saddens me, because it’s as much part of Australian life as football and meat-pies†. Her relationship with Jacob Coote teaches her that not everyone has a problem with her been an Italian and that it is only a small minority of people who are racist, and she learns that it’s not because she is Italian that she and Jacob are separated. In conclusion, Josephine makes major changes in her life, which were somehow provoked by inevitable incidences, she learns to accept the fact that no matter what happens people won’t stop whispering behind her back â€Å"If I lived by the rules and never committed a sin, people would still talk.† She learns what responsibilities really is about and learns to appreciate and cherish every minute of her life and to not take life for granted.

Mark & Spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Mark & Spencer - Essay Example In this respect, firstly the current objectives and strategy of the organization has been identified and based on which the future objectives and the ways in which they can be measured are prepared. While preparing this, the four perspectives of balanced scorecard has been taken into consideration. The objective mainly concentrates on gaining profitability in the business, increasing customer satisfaction and base, increasing the employee satisfaction and retention and finally creating values for the stakeholders. In order to achieve these objectives, the strategic map has been developed and recommendations have been made to the board of directors. Balanced scorecard has been proved to be the most efficient way in designing strategies, through which the organizational objectives can be achieved. At the same time this organizational objectives will be conveyed to the departmental level. The management can also use this in reviewing the strategies and making changes to them. Table of C ontents Executive Summary 2 1. Introduction 4 2. The vision and strategy 4 3. Balanced Score Card 6 3.1 Financial perspective 7 3.1.1 Objectives 8 3.1.2 Measures 9 3.2 Customer Perspective 9 3.2.1 Objectives 9 3.2.2 Measures 10 3.3 Internal business Perspectives 10 3.3.1 Objectives 11 3.3.2 Measures 11 3.4 Learning and Growth perspective 11 3.4.1 Objectives 11 3.4.2 Measures 12 4. Strategy Map 12 5. Recommendations 13 6. Use of Balanced Scorecards 14 Reference list 16 1. Introduction Balanced scorecard can be defined as the set of measures that has been selected carefully and derived from the strategy of the organization. The measures that are selected under the balanced scorecard are the tools via which the leaders can communicate with the external stakeholders and the employees regarding the performance and the outcome drivers through which the organization will succeed in achieving the strategic objectives and mission. In simple terms, balanced scorecard is a useful tool for thre e things like a strategic management system, a management system and a communication tool (Niven, 2011). Over 129 years, Marks and Spencer (M&S) has developed from a single market stall to a multi-channel retailer. The organization is now operating in more than 50 territories with over 82,000 people (Marks and Spencer plc, 2013a). The organization is true to the foundation values and offers the customers, products that are relevant to their choice and preferences. They aim to deliver excellent shopping experience to the customers. This study focus on using balanced scorecard for developing a strategic map for the organization. 2. The vision and strategy The vision of M&S is to expand their international presence and develop into a multi-channel retailer, so that they are accessible to a large number of customers present all around the world. In order to achieve this vision, the company has adopted a large number of activities and has been making good progress over the time. The stra tegies that they follow are discussed below: In order to increase their focus on the business of United Kingdom (UK), they have initiated activities like trusted food, perfectly edited, Cheshire Oak and concept of new home. Trusts are the most important aspect that is given importance by the customers while choosing a brand. The customers turn towards M&S because of their responsibly sourced and high quality food. In order to

Benjamin Franklin Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Benjamin Franklin Autobiography - Essay Example To demonstrate his desire to improve in his life, Franklin opposed his brother’s constant quarrel and moved to New York before moving Philadelphia in 1923. His decision to move out of his brother’s business was facilitated by his strong desire to be independent in his self improvement agenda. Franklin relied much on the printing skill he acquired while working in his brother’s business and in his new job in Philadelphia. Benjamin Franklin’s reputable performance and his personal desire for self improvement in Philadelphia attracted Governor Keith who persuaded him to go to London and establish himself independently. Keith advised him to assist him in his businesses and also in publishing â€Å"Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain†. The other way Franklin demonstrated his self development is by moving from the governor’s business and opting to start a business with Huh Meredith. In his new established printing office, Frank lin became an editor and proprietor of the â€Å"Pennsylvania Gazette† and the common â€Å"Nature and Necessity of a paper Currency† (Charles, 1909). Motivated by his desire for self development and a craving for assisting others in pursuit of self development, Benjamin Franklin published his commonly known â€Å"Poor Richard Almanac† article in 1732 (Charles, 1909). This was a composition which consisted words of wisdom explaining how an individual can acquire self development. This composition tremendously increased his reputation all over Europe. The printing of the most famous piece of literature known in colonial America â€Å"Father Abraham’s Sermon† in 1758 also demonstrated his commitment toward self development. In the same year (1758), Benjamin Franklin embarked on promoting public affairs with the aim of improving his popularity as well as facilitating his personal development. To popularize his image in public domain, Franklin establis hed an academy scheme which was later developed into the University of Pennsylvania. With an aim of establishing an avenue for communicating his scientific discovery, Benjamin founded an â€Å"American Philosophical Society†. Franklin relied on his new society in conducting and communicating his electrical researches progress. His decision to sell his business in 1748 to get leisure time for his study was another way in which Franklin demonstrated his intention for self development. At this time, Franklin was aware that education was among the most appropriate way which can facilitate his self development. During this time, Franklin had acquired substantial amount of wealth. At the same time, Franklin has made several discoveries which gave him adequate reputation thorough out Europe (Charles, 1909).To some extent, Benjamin Franklin was successful in his attempt. In his endeavor to acquire self development and become a public image, Benjamin set a scheme of academy which late r developed to the famous University of Pennsylvania. In 1748, Benjamin also attained self development through acquiring substantial amount of wealth which enabled him to continue with his education. In the same year, Benjamin had conducted extensive research and discovery which improved his public reputation. Benjamin also developed politically through conducting various popular reforms such as reforms in postal systems. His personal effort enabled him to hold several senior political and state positions (Charles, 1909). There were several factors that motivated Benjamin Franklin attempt of self development. To start with,

Compare 2 articles Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare 2 articles - Article Example They discussed topics concerning ways of reviving comparative education, nature and importance of comparative education, techniques of teaching comparative education, and popular forms of research in comparative education. He argued that first hand visitation was necessary in order to incorporate in comparative education study. Later on, he professionalized the society. By becoming professional, they wanted to be seen as a group of serious, scholarly-minded people with an elevated level of research, teaching, and publication (Brickman, 1968). He also made his own definition of comparative education. Moreover, he incorporated international education and comparative education under the domain of the history of education. He also opposed to the application of statistical and scientific tools in comparative education. Furthermore, Brickman dedicated most of his academic life to editing journals and various publications. Apart from editing different academic works, he advocated for making use of logics in assessing the arguments, claims, and reasons of individuals, as opposed to people themselves. Paulo Freire was born in Brazil in 1921 at Recife. His father was a successful banker who suffered bankruptcy due to the 1929 Wall Street crash. The family’s financial problems forced them to move to the countryside where they lived the life of peasants. Freire spent the greater part of his life trying to liberate the oppressed. He did this by advocating for education that enhances critical thinking; opposing straight restrictions to freedom, and pointing toward liberation of students and teachers all over the world. In Pedagogy of the Oppressed, he draws attention to ideological or political duty of education. In this work, he brings out versatile themes such as dialogue, the banking concept of education, and oppressive education. Erwin Epstein and other individuals opposed Brickman’s proposal of changing CES to CIES. Brickman had incorporated

Contrasting the Hobbesian and Lockeian Social Contracts Essay

Contrasting the Hobbesian and Lockeian Social Contracts - Essay Example John Locke’s â€Å"The Second Treatise of Government† and Thomas Hobbes’ â€Å"Leviathan† both present theories for the construction of social contracts that would enable the sanctioning of a sovereign force to protect the whole. Where Locke takes a more liberal perspective, inviting the ideal that people can function by accepting a ruling authority for the greater good, Hobbes takes a similar yet opposing stance that while a ruling authority is key in the success of protecting the human race, people cannot accept such influence without giving up certain inalienable rights including their own personal sovereignty. With that said, a closer look will be taken into the contract theories of both Hobbes and Locke to determine how their different assumptions yield two distinct forms of social contracts and illuminate which political thinker’s ideal holds more value today. To begin with, John Locke has long been thought to be one of the most archetypal the orists in all of American political thinking. His ideas are so fundamental in the political landscape that it has been understood that his beliefs backed the foundations of the American Revolution in 1776. In his essay entitled â€Å"The Second Treatise of Government: An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government,† Locke details his theories for a distinct form of social contract in which he states that people would be bound by a moral code to uphold a certain dignity when dealing with others. By this code, people would do no harm to others or the property of others, but this could only be regulated by a governmental force that could provide protection from the inherent fear that not everyone would abide by the moral code set forth. Moreover, it is because of this need for protection from those of wavering morality that people would come together and form a state-sanctioned force which would umbrella a safety net upon their lives. It is important to note, however, that since this governmental faction is elected in a pseudo-democratic fashion for the need of the many that faction is only in place as long as the legitimacy of freedom remains intact. Moreover, the governmental faction is there for the protection of the whole, as an impartial judge, and will not persecute anybodyfor protecting his land or family. On the other hand, Hobbes’ â€Å"Leviathan: Or, the Matter, Form and Power of a Commonwealth, Ecclesiastical and Civil† theorized that life was an anarchic mess, where people were unable to act for the good of the many and instead only focused on their own selfish needs. His moral code is similar to Locke’s only in the realm that people come together for a fundamental purpose – but that is where similarities end. Hobbes believed that people had to give up something to be part of the whole. It was regulatory without leadership, a constant realm of chaos and anarchy unless the social contract c ould be enforced which would essentially require everyone to act in the greater interests of the whole by giving up their own individualized sovereignty. Further, in Hobbes’ contract, people are inherently selfish beings. Unable to share the vested interests of others, people lived in an anarchic state that teetered between the needs of the one and the sacrifice of the many to achieve that fact. In this, Hobbes is almost the complete opposite of Locke in that people are unable to declare a sovereign ruling force without giving up their individualized sovereignty. People are unable to become part of the state without asserting that they no longer need any sort of individualism. Hobbes details that â€Å"therefore before the names of Just, and Unjust can have place, there must be some coercive Power, to compel men equally to the performance of their Covenants, by the terror of some punishment, greater than the benefit they expect† (Hobbes 97). Essentially, for the social contract to function in the ways Hobbes has detailed, people must be compelled by some

Global Supply Chain Managment (Evaluating the supply chain Essay

Global Supply Chain Managment (Evaluating the supply chain implications for an organisation) - Essay Example Along with fulfilling the demand there must be the management of inventory where the inventory level is not that much as compare to the cost of holding the inventory rises. The business cycles are determined where there are booms and slumps and the ways that are integrated strategically to smoothen the business cycle. The implications of getting green chain and the strategies how the green chain can be followed are kept in mind. The benefits and the disadvantages of having a green chain along with the challenges faced in getting a green supply chain are discussed. The risks associated with the supply chain are elaborated and the sufficient measures along with strategies that can be followed to minimize the risks. The time associated with some of the factors that are applied in the supply chain in order to get benefit from it and how the benefit can be utilized is discussed. 1) The Beer Game For the better understanding of the supply chain where the phenomenon of buying and selling is elaborated, a game is observed. A beer company is made and the supply chain is created. The different factors of the supply chain are understood better when they were applied and the inventory level changed accordingly. It is basically about elaboration of demand and supply for the product creating the cause for change in the inventory level in the company. The inventory level was managed by the management of the company in such a way that they do not run out of stock. The proper management of the inventory and handling of the demand and supply shall impact the management of the inventory. The risks of not been able to fulfill the demand are associated with the inventory level where the company runs out of stock and the customers’ orders cannot be satisfied (Simon, et al., 2000). On the other hand where the demand of the product is not appropriately ascertained and the company holds much more inventories then needed and incurs a holding cost. The difficulties faced included the poor management of the inventory as a result of late orders and delays along with the poor estimate of the demand of the product. Supply Chain Behavior Theory The theory of supply management consists of three elements which are description, prescription and the identification of alleged trends which were completely ignored in the beer game hence causing issues to rise (John, et al., 2006). Supply chain management and purchasing are often termed as similar which is ambiguous. Supply chain management is a much wider term including the operation management and logistics that the company uses in order to rotate a complete business cycle from purchasing to selling. When the company shifts from descriptive to prescriptive, problems rise. The prescriptive is more like a prescription which involves the working characteristics of the supply chain management. The trends analyst considers co operations rather than competitions. The trend identification is better observed in measuring the p erformance of the various factors of the su

Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully Essay - 1

Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully - Essay Example In this sense, everyone produces and consumers determine the market price of a product (Johansson, 2004). Similarly, the determined price defines and determines what is to be produced and the consumers who can afford the products. Prices provide incentive to consumers and producers, albeit in different ways. That is, whereas high prices encourage producers to create more goods and services, high prices result in reduced consumption by consumers (Johansson, 2004). On the other hand, low prices discourage production but encourage consumers to consume more of the concerned goods and services. These high and low price incentive result in a balance between demand and supply, the forces of consumption and production respectively, resulting in equilibrium (Johansson, 2004). This demand and supply mechanism results in the efficient market outcomes in which consumer satisfaction in society is maximised and minimum cost. This paper explores the concept of a perfect market with regards to how i t responds to changes in consumer demands. In addition, the paper compares a perfect market and a market with which one is familiar. The paper first explores the various types of market structures within which these factors interact. Market Structures Among the conditions or factors that create and define market structure are buyers, sellers, and entry and exit barriers for sellers and buyers, size of the firm, its market share and competition (Sayantan, 2010). The table below summarises the various types of market structures that a business entity may operate in. From the tabel, it is evident that competition increases from monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition and perfect competition. Structure Buyers Sellers Size of firm Product differentiation Market share Competition Perfect competition Many Many Relatively small Homogenous product Small Fierce Monopolistic competition Many Many Relatively small Substitutes with different branding Small Fierce Oligopoly Many Few Average Homogenous Average High Monopoly Many One Relatively large No substitutes Highest No competition Monopsorry One Many Relatively small Substitute good Average Imperfect competition In a monopoly, state-owned companies run the market and states bar the entry of other players whereas in oligopoly, consumers buy products of different sellers (Sayantan, 2010). On the other hand, in monopolistic competition, companies sell similar products but brand them differently. The different branding is indeed the catch for monopolistic competition. By knowing the market structure, business can measure its market share and the forces operating in the identified market not to mention the competitors and the type and range of products (Sayantan, 2010). This information is quite helpful for investment, having known the risks therein. A business can also develop its vision, values and mission after studying the target market. A perfect Market Responds to Consumer Demand Changes    In economic terms, for a market to be defined as perfect, it should have certain characteristics. These features are collectively referred to as perfect competition and they include absence of externalities, profit maximisation, equal access to production factors, absence of barriers to entry and exit, no participant with power or influence to set prices and perfect market information. The idea of a perfect market is based on the

Why was Ireland Partitioned Essay Example for Free

Why was Ireland Partitioned Essay In the late 19th century, Ulster became the most prosperous province in Ireland, with the only large-scale industrialization in the country. Its linen industry thrived and its products were imported throughout the world. In the latter part of the century, Belfast overtook Dublin as the largest city on the island. Belfast was particularly famous for its huge dockyards owned by Harland and Wolff1. After the famine there was a preponderance of Protestants in Ulster, with a much larger number of skilled workers than the Catholics. Ulster Unionism was and still is composed of two main elements; the protection and preservation of their religion and of the Ulster Economy. When the Home Rule party began introducing reforms such as the Land Act of 1870 Ulster Unionists began to feel threatened. They saw these reforms as the thin edge of a wedge which they feared might damage their interests2. Although there were vast gulfs of difference between them, they were able to unite remarkably well under the common banner of Unionism, a resolve which was strengthened with the start of land agitation in the North. They saw this as a direct attack on all they strove to protect3. In the 1885 elections, the Home Rule party won 17 of the 33 Ulster seats, a development which shocked many Unionism and Gladstone introduced his first Home Rule Bill. While Gladstone prepared an Irish policy, Lord Randolph Churchill prepared for his own visit to Ireland. In February, he wrote, I decided some time ago that if Gladstone went for Home Rule, the Orange card would be the one to play4. Ninety-three of Gladstones own Liberal MPs voted against the bill, and it was defeated. Disturbed at how close to success the Home Rulers had come, there was an influx of new members into the orange order. The Ulster loyalist anti repeal union was also established. They had a conditional loyalty to the crown which means they supported it as long as it did not interfere with their interests5. In 1886 the Belfast anti-Unionist riots damaged the Home Rule cause in the North. Also in that year Queens University became an independent University instead of affiliating to the other British Universities. In this way Unionists first began showing their feelings of self-reliance and autonomy6. The struggle for home rule continued, and Gladstone introduced a second bill in 1893, only to see it defeated in the House of Lords. The Parliament Act of 1911 reduced the peers veto on legislation to a delaying power. At this time there were three strands of Unionism the Ulster Unionism of Craig and the Unionist Council; the Irish Unionists with Edward Carson; and the British Unionism and Bonar Law. The Irish position changed when Carson, M.P., for Trinity College, was invited to lead Ulster Unionists in February, 19107. A meeting was held at Craigavon, Craigs home, to receive the new leader on 23 September, 1911; 100,000 people attended. The meeting marked the beginning of the campaign against the Home Rule Bill of Asquith which was to go before Parliament in 1912. This bill was rejected by the Lords, but became law in 19148. On the 28th September (Ulster Day) the Solemn League and covenant was signed by Unionist men only. This showed their opposition to Home Rule. Some to show their intent signed it with their own blood. In January 1913 the Ulster Volunteer force (UVF) was founded9. Men paraded and drilled with wooden weapons at first. At the end of April 35,000 rifles and 5 million rounds of ammunition were landed at Larne by the Unionists. No moves were made by the army or police to thwart them and this caused much anger amongst Nationalists. Herbert Asquiths policy of wait and see was not doing much for the situation and he failed to realise the intent of the Unionists. It was only in late 1913 that he began to take Ulster opposition seriously. The Curragh mutiny of July 1914 was a blow that showed his complete lack of power over Ulster10. The prospect of Ireland being partitioned began to be considered as a serious option around this time when Lloyd George suggested the temporary exclusion of parts of Ulster. Bonar Law stated that this should be permanent and Carson also refused to compromise. In July 1914 King George, recognising the looming crisis called the Buckingham Palace conference in an effort to make some progress. This conference was attended by Asquith, Lloyd George, Bonar Law, Carson, Craig, Redmond and Dillon11. At the conference Carson immediately stated that he would not consider anything other than partition. The question was the area for exclusion and the time for which it would be excluded. Redmond suggested that each county could be given a plebiscite whether to opt in or out of Home Rule12. Carson disagreed and said Ulster should vote as a block. This was unacceptable to Redmond. Neither side would concede the counties of Tyrone and Fermanagh. It was here that the conference broke down. The original intention of the Unionists was to defeat Home Rule for all Ireland. However, as time went on the idea of partition began to appeal more and more to them13. They began to see the safety from interference it would give them. What had began as a device for killing home rule had become an end in itself. The implementation of Home Rule had to be delayed for the duration of the Great War. A coalition government was set up and both Carson and Redmond were invited to become members. Redmond turned it down. This was to place him at a disadvantage that was to have severe consequences14. Carson accepted his place immediately. Urged by Redmond many nationalists signed up to fight in the war. The Unionists also fought. Both sides suffered terrible casualties notably at the Battle of the Somme. The war also brought with it the chance the Irish republicans had been waiting years for. The old saying Englands difficulty is Irelands opportunity rang clear as they started a Rising on Easter Monday 191615. As William Butler Yates later wrote about the event alls changed, changed utterly. All had changed. After the executions that followed 1916, the Irish people would no longer be happy with Home Rule. Overnight Redmond and the Home Rulers lost much of their power. Lloyd George organised talks in September 191816. He talked to Carson and Redmond separately. Carson was told he could have immediate permanent Home Rule for the six counties whilst he convinced Redmond it would only be a temporary measure until the war ended. The Irish Convention was an assembly called by Lloyd George which sat in Ireland from July 1917 until March 1918 to address the Irish Question. However it did not have much success in resolving the problems. By the end of the war John Redmond was dead, the Irish party was a spent force and Sinn Fein had come to power. Dail Eireann had been set up by the republicans as their own parliament to ignore Westminster. The British Government would have let Home Rule slide was it not for the fact it was still on the books. Walter Long was a British Unionist politician17. From October 1919 onwards, he was largely concerned with Irish affairs, serving as the chair of the cabinets Long Committee on Ireland. The purpose of this committee was to deal with the Irish question. He would only consider a settlement which was in the Unionists favor. In this capacity he saw them first reject the county by county option. Instead it was proposed that there would be two parliaments one in Dublin and one in Belfast. Both were directly answerable to Westminster. This move would give Unionists control over their own destiny18. The British governments official stance was in favor of ultimate unification. The Unionists were first offered nine counties. This was turned down as they feared nine was too big for them to retain full control over. Instead they demanded six counties. The government of Ireland bill was introduced on the 26th of February 192019. It caused much hostility in the border counties and rioting in Belfast between June and September. On 3rd May it came into effect, creating separate home rule governments for Southern Ireland and Northern Ireland, the latter he endowed with wider powers than its southern counterpart. Although in southern and western Ireland, this was soon superseded by the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which gave the new Irish Free State a much greater share of independence. The king opened the new parliament in Ulster in May 192120. In conclusion, this essay has examined the reasons behind the partition question in Ireland and had accessed the causes of this divide in detail. It is ironic that the Unionist people fought so hard and so long against Home Rule just to later adopt it for themselves. 1J. J. Lee, Ireland 1912-1985, pages 9-11 2 Alvin Jackson, Ireland 1798-1998, pages 145 3 D. G. Boyce, Nineteenth Century Ireland, pages 200-201 4 D. G. Boyce, Nineteenth Century Ireland, pages 194-195 5 Pauric Travers, Settlements and Divisions, 116-117 6 Paul Bew, Ideology and the Irish Question: Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism 1912-1916 pages 8-9 7 D. G. Boyce, Nineteenth Century Ireland, pages 186-187 8 Michael Laffan, The Partition of Ireland, 1911-1925 9 Pauric Travers, Settlements and Divisions, pages 126-128 10 Alvin Jackson, Ireland 1798-1998, pages 151-153 11 J. J. Lee, Ireland 1912-1985, pages 17-20 12 D. G. Boyce, Nineteenth Century Ireland, pages 200 13 Alvin Jackson, Ireland 1798-1998, pages 156 14 J. J. Lee, Ireland 1912-1985, pages 13-15 15 Pauric Travers, Settlements and Divisions, pages 139-140 16 Pauric Travers, Settlements and Divisions, pages 145 17 J. J. Lee, Ireland 1912-1985, pages 19-20 18 Paul Bew, Ideology and the Irish Question: Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism 1912-1916 pages 17 19 Paul Bew, Ideology and the Irish Question: Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism 1912-1916 pages 118-119 20 J. J. Lee, Ireland 1912-1985, pages 24-25

Alumni Essay Example for Free

Alumni Essay GENERAL BACKGROUND Information system (IS) is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filters, and process, create, and distribute data. The study bridges business and computer science using the theoretical foundations of information and computation to study various business models and related algorithmic processes within a computer science discipline. Computer information system (CIS) is a field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society while IS emphasizes functionality over design. Any specific information system aims to support operations, management and decision making. In a broad sense, the term is used to refer not only to the information and communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, but also to the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes. Some authors make a clear distinction between information systems, computer systems, and business processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned with ICT, focusing instead on the end use of information technology. Information systems are also different from business processes. Information systems help to control the performance of business processes. Alter argues for advantages of viewing an information system as a special type of work system. A work system is a system in which humans and/or machines perform work (processes and activities) using resources to produce specific products and/or services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to processing (capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying) information. As such, information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. NEED OFINFORMATION SYSTEM Information systems help provide structure and access to information. Since libraries build, manage, and maintain information systems, librarians and LIS students are often propelled onto the front lines of interactions between library users and technology. But what do librarians need to know to best meet their patrons needs? Information expert Ratzan uses plain language, humor, and everyday examples like baseball and arithmetic to make sense of information systems . He also explores their characteristics, uses, abuses, advantages, and shortcomings for your library. Fun exercises and appendices are provided to illustrate key points in the book and measure understanding. You can be a technophobe and still learn about systems and subsystems to represent, organize, retrieve, network, secure, conceal, measure, and manage information. This expert sourcebook addresses both theoretical and practical issues, and is complete with exercises, examples, terms, and charts that help clarify concepts to make your information system a success. ADVANTAGES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM Information systems have significantly transformed the way business is conducted. In todays society it would be pretty difficult to find an organization that does not use some form of technology, automation or information system to help run its operational and daily transactional processes. Computer technology has become so highly integrated in the business environment it is often hard to remember a time when organizations operated without it. The benefits technology offers are very valuable and this is the primary reason why many businesses opt to invest in information systems. Increased Productivity When automation takes over some of the burden of the more mundane and routine tasks, the rapid speed increases productivity. In addition employees are free to work on other important tasks that require human thinking. The time computer information systems frees up also gives both management and their staffs the ability to have time to brainstorm and come up with new and innovative ideas since the burden of some of the everyday tasks are lifted. Less Redundancy and Better Data Integrity Computer information systems can be programmed to have amazing ability to eliminate duplicates, point out inconsistencies and merge data together to make it more manageable. This heightens the ability for higher degrees of accuracy and efficiency. Data integrity means the data is more reliable due to the capabilities of automation. Inputting data into information systems where it can be sorted, filed and processed is highly efficient. Long gone are the days of filing cabinets, missing papers, misfiled documents and other important details. If information is needed, all it takes is a few clicks of the mouse or a few works typed in and all the information immediately pops right up. Instead of having separated computer systems for different parts of a business, modern information systems allow systems to be streamlined. No longer do different staff members have to input and file the same information for their own purposes and needs. Instead data goes into one central place and IT personnel set up user privileges which are typically on a need to know basis and employees can access which areas of the information system they need to perform their jobs. Initially investing in computer information systems is a large investment, but when strategically planned through proper system analysis, the investment in information systems can pay off handsomely over the long term. The key is to think of the organizations mission, objectives and overall business plan and ensure the implemented information system meets these goals. With proper planning a company can simultaneously maximize profit while decreasing overhead costs. The possibilities of using information systems in business are endless. While  there are some challenges to overcome when making the transition to new kinds of automation, with strategic thinking, good technical planning and an overall willingness to embrace change through technology, there are many terrific advantages of integrating information systems in any organization. ALUMNI INFORMATION SYSTEM Alumni information system is an example of web application which is under the information systems. It helps an academic institution in tracking its alumni. Also, it helps the alumni to communicate with the institution through the use of the internet. It also helps the alumni to get updated with the latest news and upcoming events of the institution. This application can easily be accessed through the use of the internet which will be very useful to the alumni because they can keep in touch with the institution even if they do not visit the school. This application can be very useful especially to those alumni who are now living abroad because they can still get connected with their fellowmen and the institution. Nowadays, computer has infiltrated all the aspects of our society. The computer is most likely one of the great technological mechanism for future change. It can now simply make our works easier and lighter. With this great thing it won’t be more useful without the computer’s software. Software is a generic term for organized collections of computer data and instructions, often broken into two major categories: system software that provides the basic non-task-specific functions of the computer, and application software which is used by users to accomplish specific tasks. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT WORK A website requires attractive design and proper arrangement of links and images, which enables a browser to easily interpret and access the properties of the site. Hence it provides the browser with adequate information and functionality about the organization, community, network etc. This sites use to view information of alumni, job vacancy details. The current happening information showing in the page. The alumni are old students are registering their information in the  department. Here the department organizing the any activities is inserting in the site. This web site is totally full of information and details of person joined with that institute. This project is to modify, add store data of each and every individual. ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION Introduction A to Z Computech is one of the foremost technical and well experienced Computer Institute. It offers Diploma Courses, Higher Diploma Courses, Post Graduate Diploma Courses, Certified Courses, Individual Courses, Project Works, Implant Training, Soft Skill Training, Web Designing, and Software Development in various streams and Aims to provide Quality Computer Education. The Institute was established in June 1996 in Chennimalai, headed by J. Senthil Kumar, The Managing Director, and a visionary with 18 years of experience in the Field of IT. The Institute was certified by International Standard Organization (ISO 9001:2008). A to Z Computech aim to provide superior Computer Education in convivial and artistic environment with disciplined, Dedicated and Corporate regulations. Vision Vision is to bring up the computer skills, Innovative ideas and talents of each and every individual student from rural area and make them to participate in team for the Development of our nation. By providing Quality, time bound and cost-efficient Computer Education. Mission [The ultimate goal of A to Z Computech is to have its own identity in the Computer Training industry as a most trusted trainer in all aspects and a one stop solution for high quality, time bound and cost effective Institute. A to Z Computech is committed to maintain 100% student’s satisfaction by certain values Deep Integrity Ensuring Code of Conduct. Precious Timekeeping Highest level of Training Potential Leadership with an Energetic Team Sufficient Infrastructure for anytime Expansion Continuous Growth 100% Success Leadership and Team A to Z Computech are an Institute with diverse talents skills. Our Institute offers a Job Oriented Courses, College Project Works (All UG PG Courses), In Plant Training in which talented, creative motivated students can be employed by us. A to Z Computech dont just acknowledge hard work achievements; A to Z Computech reward it groom it. A to Z Computech have an experienced team of ambitious, vibrant, young professionals having ability to update with latest trends requirements of students. A to Z Computech teams passion is to take challenges and to deliver to Students expectations. ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT REPORT This project report is subdivided into six main chapters and some appendix. Chapter I â€Å"INTRODUCTION† includes the introduction about information system, need of information system, advantages of information system, alumni information system, about the organization and organization of the project report. Chapter II â€Å"SYSTEM ANALYSIS† includes description of the Existing System and proposed system. It’s employed to provide a systematic proposed method and principles to achieve the objectives of the report. Chapter III â€Å"SYSTEM SPECIFICATION† includes hardware and software requirements, front end and backend details. Chapter IV â€Å"SYSTEM DESIGN† includes system and data flow diagram, module description, database, input and output design. Chapter V â€Å"TESTING IMPLEMENTATION† includes testing plan and schedule, implementation details. Chapter VI â€Å"CONCLUSION FUTURE WORK† includes the conclusion and general evaluation of the project and suggestion of the future work.

The Ethics Of Juvenile Delinquency Criminology Essay

The Ethics Of Juvenile Delinquency Criminology Essay It is ethical to allow courts dealing with juvenile delinquency to punish any juvenile responsible for taking part in illegal activities. A critical part of working towards a morally responsible society is holding juveniles responsible for their actions. There have been many changes in juvenile laws attempting to balance the proper level of punishment. Early rehabilitation of an irresponsible child or young adult is a key part of solving criminal issues. How to rehabilitate a juvenile is always going to be a highly controversial issue. In the past century, laws governing juveniles actions have changed drastically. In the early nineteenth century, juveniles typically received the same punishments as adults for crimes or wrongdoings. According to the (United States Federal government, 1997), In 1938, the Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act was passed with the essential purpose of keeping juveniles apart from adult criminals. Juvenile delinquents began to receive preferential treatment after the Juvenile Delinquency Act became law. In the seventies juvenile law began to receive more attention and one of the most influential laws where formed. According to the (United States Federal government, 1997), In 1974, Congress adopted the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act in principle is focused on allowing juveniles to receive treatment in lieu of harsher jail or prison time. Through many reforms in law, juveniles have many different paths of rehabilitation instead of just prison or jail time. In 1995 the (United States Federal government, 1997) reported Two out of three cases where a juvenile was arrested the case was referred to a lesser juvenile court. It is becoming apparent that even though juveniles are capable of committing a crime; a juvenile is not capable of considering the consequences for their action. Ever since the establishment of juvenile courts, there has been controversy on the subject on how they should be run and what rules should apply. With all the controversy on how the juvenile courts system should apply the existing law to minors. A few states have decided to change the law regarding at what age a person is a juvenile. An article written by (Jeffrey A. Butts, 1998) states, in 37 States and the District of Columbia, juvenile courts are initially responsible for all law violations committed by youth under 18. This just goes to show that even though for the past century juvenile delinquency laws have been getting looser the laws are still highly debated. Ever since about 1995, there has been a substantial amount of cases being transferred from juvenile court to adult court. An analysis performed by (Jeffrey A. Butts, 1998) indicates, In about half of all transfers, the offenders receive sentences comparable to what they might have received from the juvenile court. Many people believe that by allowing the juvenile case to be transferred to an adult court will make the juvenile realize they are not above any law. As well with more juveniles being tried as adults it weeds out the worst cases; therefore, making the juvenile courts appear more effective. The latest change in juvenile law is that states have attempted to expunge the juvenile courts system. Many states went as far as passing laws to abolish such courts; however, few states did anything to act on the laws. According to an article written by (Jeffrey A. Butts, 1998) In states such as Idaho, Michigan, and Virginia, the criminal courts may sentence a juvenile to an adult correctional facility. Sentencing a juvenile to an adult correctional facility in states that allow it is reserved only for the worst of cases. Since the seventies, there has been a dramatic increase in violent crimes especially amongst juveniles. Part of the surge in violent crimes is due partly to the rise in home and cellular phones making it easier to report crimes. Another factor in the increased crime rate is the decreased penalties that took effect in the same period. Not surprisingly according to (Justice, 2010), juveniles accounted for almost half the arrests for serious crimes in the United States in 1974. Juvenile courts where severely understaffed for the caseloads during that period; as a result many juvenile delinquents where not adequately punished for their crimes. During the seventies alcohol and drug abuse was a horrific problem amongst juveniles. According to (Justice, 2010), increasing numbers of young people are becoming addicted to or abuse alcohol and or other drugs. In response to the drug abuse and violence problems, programs and other resources where suggested to be offered schools. Juvenile justice courts also where provided with extended sentencing authority, in addition to rehabilitation resources. Many juveniles engage in unsafe activities and it is important that the behaviors are corrected. According to (Justice, 2010), the small number of youth who commit the most serious and violent offenses are becoming more violent. Most juvenile crimes are seriously violent crimes. Crimes committed by juveniles that are non-violent in nature must not receive the same punishments as violent crimes. In conclusion, juveniles must be responsible for their actions; however, it is not always appropriate to treat a juvenile the same as an adult. Juvenile delinquency dramatically decreased after the enactment of education and rehabilitation programs for juveniles. Laws regarding juvenile delinquency modified many times to assist courts in the rehabilitation of juveniles. It is ethical to allow courts to rehabilitate juveniles from unsafe lifestyles.

Canterbury Tales :: Essays Papers

Canterbury Tales With the presidential election at its boiling point, many try to provide their own joke every now and then. Late night comedians such as David Letterman and Jay Leno try to spit out a new joke during their ten-minute spiel, and sometimes one can assume that they are getting even with the election process. Throughout the one-hour show, the comedians do their best to trick both the viewers and all those involved with the election process by having people act out scenes, or imitate one of the presidents. Also, as just about every other comedian tries to achieve, he or she throws in a dirty joke about the president or his family to tie it all up right at the end of their spiel. These three aspects of comedy—revenge, trickery, and infidelity—can all be found in The Miller’s Tale. The Miller’s Tale encompasses a dark and infernal level of comedy, similar to that of comedy today. In The Miller’s Tale, Nicholas, a clerk, is a student of astronomy and of young women, who represents the dark and infernal level of comedy where â€Å"love cannot dwell in such society; everyone is fundamentally along, though hypocrisy and self-serving may give the appearance of friendship† (Cowan, 11). Nicholas lives with a wealthy carpenter named John, who’s an old man who protects his beautiful wife, Alison, as if it were flies on scat. In the infernal state â€Å"the pretty girl†¦ is either absent or, if she does enter the boundaries of this dark region, victimized† (11). Alison is caught between three disrespectful men. Her husband, John, won’t let his eye off his young and zealous wife; Nicholas always becomes as sly as a snake, wanting to make love to her, and trying to outwit his friend, John; the carpenters wife, fancied by Absalom, a parish clerk who has none of Nicholas’ attractiveness, but an eye for the ladies of the to wn. Although marriage is very rare in the infernal state, â€Å"old husbands tyrannize young wives, spouses are unfaithful, maidens are linked by opportunism to unsuitable mates†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (12). The old husband, John, tyrannizes his wife day after day with his over-protective personality,while she is unfaithful to him by making love and flirting with other men. Trickery is a key part in The Miller’s Tale, and found in the infernal state: â€Å"deception and disguise, characterizing marks of comedy, are used in infernal society for the purpose of gaining advantage, usually to the harm of others† (12).

Capital Punishment Essay - It’s Time to Turn the Other Cheek :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Capital Punishment – It’s Time to Turn the Other Cheek If... he has committed murder, he must die. In this case, there is no substitute that will satisfy the legal requirements of legal justice.There is no sameness of kind between death and remaining alive even under the most miserable conditions, and consequently there is no equality between crime and the retribution unless the criminal is judicially condemned and put to death." Immanuel Kant. About 2000 men, women, and teenagers currently wait on America's "Death Row." Their time grows shorter as federal and state courts increasingly ratify death penalty laws, allowing executions to proceed at an accelerated rate. It's unlikely that any of these executions will make the front page, having become more and more a matter of routine in the last decade. Indeed, recent public opinion polls show a wide margin of support for the death penalty. But human rights advocates continue to decry the immorality of state-sanctioned killing in the U.S., the only western industrialized country that continues to use the death penalty. Is capital punishment moral? Capital punishment is often defended on the grounds by the government, that society has a moral obligation to protect the safety and the welfare of its citizens. Murderers threaten this safety and welfare. Only by putting murderers to death can society ensure that convicted killers do not kill again. Second, those favoring capital punishment contend that society should support those practices that will bring about the greatest balance of good over evil, and capital punishment is one such practice. Capital punishment benefits society because it may deter violent crime. While it is difficult to produce direct evidence to support this claim since, by definition, those who are deterred by the death penalty do not commit murders, common sense tells us that they will die if they perform a certain act, they will be unwilling to perform that act. If the threat of death stays in the hand of a would-be murder, and we abolish the death penalty, we will sacrifice the lives of many innocent victims whose murders could have been deterred. But if, in fact, the death penalty does not deter, and we continue to impose it, we have only sacrificed the lives of convicted murderers. Surely it is better for society to take a gamble that the death penalty deters in order to protect the lives of innocent people than to take a gamble that it doesn't deter and thereby protect the lives of murderers, while risking the lives of the innocents. Finally, defenders of capital punishment argue that justice demands that

Continuing Academic Success Essay

While being responsible for our academic success, prioritizing work to achieve goals can be valuable to students without a success driven mindset. Responsibility and action along with ethics help set the path for proper results and set standards for academic achievement. As I explore this new endeavor in my life, I will outline my failures, successes and the lessons I have learned along the way. Failure is something I have to accept. I have failed a lot in the past, and I have allowed those failures to effect me in the present. As a young boy in grade school, I would always work hard to obtain good grades. After my first semester in high school, I assumed it was natural for me to get good grades, so I refrained from working hard. After a few months of not striving to my full potential, my academics began to suffer, and I failed a few classes. I was very disappointed in myself, and I then became afraid to try because of a failure mindset. I started to expect failure in my immediate li fe, especially in my academics. I started to believe I was not good enough to achieve. I would psychologically defeat myself before attempting to do well. Now, I have realized the values in failing by allowing my disappointment to be my motivation for success. Since then, I have learned the importance of setting goals. â€Å"How can you expect to hit a target without aiming first† (Robusto, 2009). Goal setting is important to me because I am a person who likes to take on too many responsibilities. I have a tendency to overload myself with work and at times get overwhelmed when I cannot complete all tasks in a timely manner. I became aware of the process I needed to work on in order to achieve my set goals. I started to write down all tasks I needed to complete and the dates of completion. I set time apart to evaluate my works and prepare to setup a  procedure on how to fulfill these functions that allow me to feel accomplished and not overwhelmed on projects with sensitive time constrictions. While continuing with my academic success, I have been setting new goals academically and for my career. My educational goal will be to complete one assignment a day and participate in two-class discussions per day. My career goal is to mentor one of my peers every six months in the area I have already mastered. In doing this, I will assist someone in their career goals as well as my own to ensure everyone develops and succeeds. As I read through my results for the Ethical Lens Inventory and realize, ethics is a set of principles of right conduct (Ethics 2011). My core ethical lenses are sensibility and equality. I listen to my intuition to determine the characteristic traits and attributes that best serve the community. I remain attentive to the particular needs of those in a similar situation as I carefully evaluate their outcome for my resolution. Further sharpening my critical thinking skills in learning from others mistakes and not committing the same mistake twice. My blind ethical lens leads me to believe that I rely heavily on the attributes of the role. At times, this can be risky because I forget that individuals are fallible, and I should rely solely on people to solve problems. In kn owing this about my moral background, I run the risk of believing that my role is more important than other individuals and will not be susceptible to constructive criticism. So I do not hinder my development; I should allow others to assess the role and assure that all roles are important. Even though thinking is a process, and intelligence is the product (Jensen 2005), we have to understand without thinking of the ending result, we can never consider the product. Critical thinking has an important role in learning and development because if properly executed it allows me to see the entire situation instead of the individual task. I plan to take the necessary actions to determine the task with open eyes and an unbiased approach. Remembering the facts about the situation can help in resolving the issue. Understanding by reiterating the problem can help me further comprehend. Applying then analyzing the tasks and or situations so I can prepare the steps to come to the evaluation. I can see if the resources are accurate and thorough. The last thing I should be able to do to assure my critical thinking skills are complete is a form of creating. I take all the information of this situation, and use it in my final resolution. These  steps are crucial in the ability to think clearly and not be clouded by biased information. Advancing in my critical thinking skills is as important as my writing skills. I have to take the appropriate steps in continuing to engage the readers throughout the writing process. Writing is crucial as a student and everyday life because it is a form of communication. I will utilize the necessary resources to assist me in applying the lessons being instructed for completion of each assignment in accordance with the University guidelines. Allowing myself to create an outline for the topic before the rough draft is setting the priority of how the papers thesis will be well planned for the entire topic. I can use many of the University’s resources such as the thesis generator to begin the subject of the assignment. Grammarly is a great resource to assure the proper format and grammar for the paper . The University has various resources such as live assistance in the Center for Writing Excellence. The benefit of using external resources is that one cannot rely only on their opinion alone but can get a different perspective of the situation. The University library is an excellent option for researching credible information to guarantee educational success. Although, some information in the library could be bias, we have to do the research on each source to review the comparisons and understand which source is indeed accurate. In conclusion, the information obtained and lessons learned in this course have given me a boost of confidence in my critical thinking, reading and writing skills. I feel comfortable in continuing my academic success with this knowledge. I feel as though I have accomplished great things in these past five weeks and will continue to move forward. The University has given me the desire to continue the achievements in my educational career by showing me the proper approach of getting the job done correctly. I now realize that a failure does not define a person. The failures can be used as a stepping-stone in the journey to greatness. References Ethic. (2011). In The American Heritage dictionary of the English language. Retrieved from http://search.credoreference.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/content/entry/hmdictenglang/ethic/0 Jensen, Eric. â€Å"Critical Thinking Skills.† Teaching with the

Education Essay

Step 1. Create a short answer (150-250 words) to each of the following questions. 1. How do social interactions among people in locales help define community?  2. How do schools help to shape the local boundaries of communities and the identity of community members?  3. Although schools and the communities they serve are closely entwined and community development is in the best interests of schools, why may school leaders be hesitant about involving schools and students in important community development roles? 4. Of all social institutions, why might schools be best placed to catalyze community development?  5. What are some likely results of school consolidation in a rural community or urban neighborhood?  6. Beyond the socially integrative functions, what distinct local economic roles might a school have in a rural community or urban neighborhood?  7. What characteristics of a well-planned school-community partnership project would indicate it is mutually beneficial?  8. How might a community or neighborhood development activity reinforce what is ta ught in the public school classroom?  9. What barriers might a community development organization expect to experience when seeking to partner with a public school or school district?  10. How can service learning and place-based education serve to facilitate a  viable schoolcommunity partnership and accomplishment of local community or neighborhood development needs? Step 2. Discuss your responses with a group of 4 or 5 classmates. SOAR ACTIVITY 15.1 SCHOOL-COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS Step 1. Contact your local elementary, middle and high schools. Step 2. Interview the principals about their partnerships with community organizations. Step 3. Have them describe each activity and assess the benefits to the school and community. Step 4. Compile a list of all the organizations and institutions involved with school programs. Step 5. As part of this project, prepare a list of recommendations for improving schoolcommunity partnerships in your area. LIFE Activity 15.1 Here are some examples of school-based service learning projects: 1. Drop-out prevention: A service-learning project focused on drop-out prevention might coordinate schools with local businesses to partner at-risk students with job shadowing and mentoring opportunities with local business leaders/members. These connections will help build bridges between schoolwork and work â€Å"in the real world,† and develop stronger ties between schools and local business, better meeting the needs of each while providing important opportunities to at-risk youth. 2. Subject-specific service-learning: Science and reading provide two examples of subjectspecific service-learning. Connecting college students majoring in science with schools to tutor K-12 students can create opportunities for hands-on learning during or after school hours. This might involve engaging in environmental projects, such as local water quality testing, cleaning of local stream or river beds, or wildlife conservation efforts. Similarly, college students majoring in language arts or reading might provide tutoring services during or after school for at-risk students, assist in running family literacy programs after school to engage parents in literacy efforts, and/or read to students at the elementary level. 2. Building school-community connections: Students plan a school-community day, in which school staff, community members, and students organize, run, and attend a school-community fair. The school can set up exhibits of student learning and projects students are engaged in that connect to the community. Community leaders can set up exhibits featuring ways they have been or would like to be involved with the school and with students. Local businesses might provide food and donate prizes or items for auction. Students at the school can perform music or showcase artwork. This would also be a good venue for team-building exercises between  community organizations and businesses and school staff and leaders, culminating in competitions with awards. These are only a few examples. We want to emphasize though that effective service learning projects are not â€Å"paint by the numbers† efforts, but are directly shaped by and responsive to the individual needs of local communities. That said, examples are useful, but ultimately your best guide is the community that lies before you. REFERENCE MATERIAL ON EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY SERVICELEARNING Syllabi: Literacy Tutoring: Principles and Practice (Syracuse University) http://www.compact.org/syllabi/syllabus.php?viewsyllabus=407 Service Learning in Higher Education (Vanderbilt University) http://www.compact.org/syllabi/syllabus.php?viewsyllabus=663 APPENDIX: Additional Resources to Learn about School-Community Partnerships for Community Development:  NOTE that the following descriptions have been taken directly from organization websites and have been only slightly modified, if at all. Associations, Organizations and Centers Center for Place-Based Education http://www.anei.org/pages/89_cpbe.cfm The Center for Place-based Education promotes community-based education programs. Its projects and programs encourage partnerships between students, teachers, and community members that strengthen and support student achievement, community vitality and a healthy environment. Coalition for Community Schools http://www.communityschools.org The Coalition for Community Schools represents an alliance of national, state and local organizations concerned with K-16 education, youth development, community planning, family support, health and human services, government and philanthropy, as well as national, state and local community school networks. The Coalition advocates for community schools as a means to strengthen schools, families and communities and improve student learning. Rural School and Community Trust http://www.ruraledu.org The Rural School and Community Trust is a national nonprofit organization addressing the crucial relationship between good schools and thriving communities. It also serves as an information clearinghouse on issues concerning the relationship between schools and communities, especially in rural contexts. School of the 21st Century. Linking Communities, Families and Schools http://www.yale.edu/21c/index2.html Based at Yale University, the 21C program develops, researches, networks, and supervises an educational model that links communities, families, and schools by transforming the school into a year-round, multi-service center that is open from 6 in the morning until 7 at night. The core components are affordable, high-quality child care for preschool children, before- and afterschool programs for school-age children; and health services, referral services, support, and guidance for parents of young children. Schools and Communities http://www.enterprisecommunity.org/programs/schools_and_communities/ This webpage of Enterprise Community Partners documents and disseminates the nation’s current efforts to combine school reform and community development. Web-based Documents and Material Local Governments and Schools: A Community-Oriented Approach http://icma.org/documents/SGNReport.pdf (International City/County Management Association, Washington, DC , 2008) Provides local government managers with an understanding of the connections between school facility planning and local government management issues, with particular attention to avoiding the creation of large schools remotely sited from the community they serve. It offers multiple strategies for local governments and schools to bring their respective planning efforts together to take a more community-oriented approach to schools and reach multiple community goals-educational, environmental, economic, social, and fiscal. Eight case studies illustrate how communities across the U.S. have already succeeded in collaborating to create more communityoriented schools. Includes 95 references and an extensive list of additional online resources. 40p. Report NO: E-43527 Reconnecting Schools and Neighborhoods: An Introduction to School-Centered Community Revitalization http://www.practitionerresources.org/cache/documents/647/64701.pdf (Enterprise, Columbia, MD , 2007) Provides an introduction to school-centered community revitalization. Part 1 presents the case for integrating school improvement into community development, drawing on the academic research linking school and neighborhood quality as well as early results from school- centered community revitalization projects across the country. Part 2 presents the core components of school-centered community revitalization, including both school-based activities and neighborhood-based activities. The final part of the paper illustrates the diverse approaches currently being taken to improve schools and neighborhoods, drawing on the experiences of eight  school-centered community revitalization initiatives in five cities: Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago, Philadelphia, and St. Paul. 30p. New Relationships With Schools. Organizations That Build Community by Connecting With Schools. Volumes One and Two  http://www.publicengagement.com/practices/publications/newrelationshipssmry.htm (Collaborative Communications Group for the Kettering Foundation, Nov 2004) Case studies of organizations that establish strong connections between communities and schools using many different entry points. Includes a profile of New School Better Neighborhoods, a nonprofit intermediary organization in Los Angeles that works to design schools that serve as centers of communities. The organization brings together community stakeholders to plan multiuse development that combines residential, recreational, and educational use of scarce land in densely populated urban areas. Schools, Community, and Development. Erasing the Boundaries http://www.practitionerresources.org/cache/documents/56274.pdf Proscio, Tony (The Enterprise Foundation, Columbia, MD, 2004) This describes the results of efforts in four neighborhoods in Baltimore, St. Louis, and Atlanta to connect community-based revitalization initiatives with school reform programs in the same neighborhoods. Chapters include: 1) Building and Learning Go Seperate Ways; 2) The SchoolCommunity Alliance in Practice; 3) The Developer as Educator; 4) Housing and Economic Development. 39p. Using Public Schools as Community-Development Tools: Strategies for Community-Based Developers http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/publications/communitydevelopment/W02-9_Chung.pdf Chung, Connie (Harvard University, Joint Center for Housing Studies, Cambridge, MA; Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation. , 2002) This paper explores the use of public schools as tools for community and  economic development. As major place-based infrastructure and an integral part of the community fabric, public schools can have a profound impact on the social, economic, and physical character of a neighborhood. Addressing public schools, therefore, is a good point of entry for community-based developers to place their work in a comprehensive community-development context. The paper examines ways in which community-based developers can learn from, as well as contribute to, current community-based efforts, particularly in disinvested urban areas, to reinforce the link between public schools and neighborhoods. Furthermore, the paper considers the policy implications of including public schools in comprehensive development strategies, and asserts that reinforcing the link between public schools and neighborhoods is not only good education policy, but also good community-development policy and practice. An appendix presents contact information for organizations participating in school and community linkages. 55p.

Assignment: Question in Mgt417 Slide Chapter 6

2012 Table of Contents Question 1: Differentiate among B2C and B2B electric commerce1 Question 2: Describe electronic storefronts and malls2 Question 3: List the major issues relating to e-tailing2 Question 4: Briefly differentiate between the sell-side and the buy-side marketplace3 Question 5: List 3 ethical issues and 3 legal issues in electronic commerce3 1. Differentiate among B2C and B2B electric commerce.The difference between B2B and B2C is the customer requirement. B2C focuses on individual customer transactions, whereas B2B focuses on other businesses as the consumer. This difference creates different needs for B2B applications. One difference between B2B and B2C is the type of order. For example, when you order office supplies or parts, you usually order the same products as well as the same amounts at fairly regular intervals. Repeat and standing orders are a common B2B requirement. Type of payment is also a different requirement for B2B transactions.When your company make s a purchase, you rarely use a credit card for payment. More likely, you will have varied forms of payment such as lines of credit and open orders. B2B applications are designed with these requirements in mind. Another difference is the type of search function in B2B applications. A catalog to browse through is not necessarily a requirement, depending on the type of B2B purchase you want to make. When shopping for specific items, your company may benefit from a configurator and bid function rather than browsing and searching an online catalog.Lastly, the type of connection between B2B and B2C differs. When you are connecting to a B2B application to make a purchase, you are normally connecting to one partner (a buy-side or sell side application) or several trusted partners (an e-marketplace or Trading partner agreement application). Because you are dealing with a relatively static list of trading partners, virtual private network (VPN) technology may be used to provide secure access to selected applications inside your firewall, thus avoiding the need to replicate data and applications outside your firewall. 2. Describe electronic storefronts and malls.Electronic Storefronts is a Web that represents a single store. Hundreds of thousands of electronic storefronts can be found on the Internet. Each one has its own uniform resource locator (URL), OE Internet address, at which buyers can place orders. Some electronic storefronts are extensions of physical stores such as Hermes, Sharper Image, and Wal-Mart. Others are new businesses started by entrepreneurs who saw a niche on the Web. Examplesare Restaurant. com and Alloy. com. Manufacturers for example, www. dell. com as well as retailers for example, www. officedepot. com also use storefronts.Whereas an electronic storefront represents a single store, an electronic mall, also known as cybermall or e-mall, is a collection of individual shops under a single Internet address. The basic idea of an electronic mall is t he same as that of a regular shopping mall – to provide a one-stop shopping place that offers many products and services. Each cybermall may include thousands of vendors. For example, Microsoft Shopping or now Bing shopping, www. bing. com/shopping includes tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors. 3. List the major issues relating to e-tailing. Channel Conflicts †¢Conflicts within click-and-mortar organizations †¢Order fulfillment and logistics †¢Viability and risk of online e-tailers †¢Identifying appropriate revenue models 4. Briefly differentiate between the sell-side marketplace and the buy-side marketplace. There’s a few differences between between the sell-side marketplace and the buy-side marketplace. The sell-side marketplace is a model in which there are many buyers but one seller. In the sell-side marketplace model, organizations attempt to sell their products or services to other organizations electronically.This model is similar to the B2C model in which the buyer is expected to come to the seller’s site, view catalogs, and place an order. In this case, however, the buyer is an organization that may be a regular customer of the seller. The sell-side model is used by thousands of companies. Examples are major computer companies such as Cisco, IBM, and Intel. The seller in this model can be either a manufacturer, a distributor, or a retailer. Whereas the buy-side marketplace is a model in which there are many sellers but one buyer. The buy-side marketplace, also known as e-procurement, is a model in which EC technology is used to streamline the urchasing process in order to reduce the cost of items purchased. A major method of e-procurement is a reverse auction. In reverse auctions there is one buyer, who wants to buy a product or service. Suppliers are invited to submit bids. The supplier that submits the lowest bid wins. Such auctions attract larger pools of willing suppliers. 5. List 3 ethic al issues and 3 legal issues in electronic commerce. Ethical issues 1. Free Speech 2. Privacy 3. Disintermediation Legal issues 1. Copyright 2. Cyber squatting 3. Fraud on the Internet

Th Truemilk Marketing Proposal

Marketing Plan Proposal TH True Milk Vietnamese Fresh and Clean Milk Team Members: Nguyen Thi Thuy Trang (Team Leader) – s3372812 Nguyen Thi Diep Anh – s3372841 Nguyen Vu Bich Ha – s3372918 Huynh Ngoc Khanh Linh – s3373099 Nguyen Thi Kim Trang – s3357621 Vo Thi Ngoc Tram – s3373108 Lecturer: Ms. Jis Kuruvilla TH Milk Joint Stock Company TH Milk Joint Stock Company was established in 2009 and this is the first company of TH Group that focuses on a closed process of fresh milk manufacturing meeting the international standard.In order to produce the best quality products for customers as well as to provide a professional working environment for local and international experts, the company has equipped most advanced management technology in their production process. Although TH Milk Joint Stock Company is a young domestic company and has only one main brand that is TH True Milk, the company is predicted to be a potential firm in order to compete with Vinamilk and to meet the rising demand of Vietnamese market in the near future.Additionally, following the main mission of TH Group that is providing fresh and natural products to consumers, TH Milk Joint Stock Company has applied cutting-edge fresh milk manufacturing techniques in its closed procedures from industrial dairy farm, automatic milking system to professional distribution system. Therefore, in recent years, company’s projects always receive positive supports from the governments and organizations such as Vietnamese government and North Asia Bank. These supports can be seen as a driving force for the company to develop its fresh, clean and friendly-environmentally products.As regards the production and distribution process, TH Farm and Factory which is the largest in the Asian region, was built in Nghe An province with the total expenditure of $1. 2 billion, this project is supported by North Asian Bank. Moreover, the milking system used by the TH farm is comp letely automatic and controlled by strict procedures. In 2012, TH group anticipates that their milk processing facility will reach a capacity of 500 million liters per year, satisfying 50% of domestic need for the fresh milk.Moreover, in an effort to bring the best convenient services to customer, TH Milk Joint Stock Company has two representative offices in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City and hundreds of TH True Mart where provides TH True Milk across Vietnam. TH Milk Joint Stock Company at the present only focus on clean, fresh, delicious and nutritious milk but in order to meet the demand of domestic customer of dairy products, in 2012 and 2013, the company will continue to introduce some fresh and natural dairy products such as yoghurt, ice cream, butter and chee se to their customers.TH True Milk – Product detail TH True Milk is carefully produced in a 100%-computerized management process followed international standard in every stage of provision, production to distribution system. TH fresh milk is supplied by 20000 cows imported from New Zealand; those cows always receive a professional care from skilled staff with nutritious diet, well-designed veterinary care, disease prevention and treatment.In order to meet the various preferences and groups of customer, the company has produced five main flavors including pure fresh milk, less sugar fresh milk, sweetened fresh milk, strawberry fresh milk an d pure fresh chocolate milk in both 110ml and 180 ml carton size. More importantly, with a purpose to preserve the freshness and goodness of products, the company has developed the TH True Mart to sell its products to customers directly. Vietnamese MarketBecause of the higher living standard, the nutritious demand of Vietnamese people has improved positively with a rise of 20-25% of customers’ demand for milk per year. Therefore, Vietnamese dairy market is becoming the most potential market in the region and more than 60 firms with about 300 brands is o perating in this industry. However, it is a fact that the amount of milk produced only meet 20 -25% of customers’ demand meaning that there is a shortage of milk production in domestic market.Realizing this situation, TH Milk Joint Stock Company with financial supports from North Asian Bank has no hesitation to invest in the most modern clean fresh milk production process in Vietnam and this is estimated to meet 50% of customers’ demand in 2017, after the project is completed. This can be seen as an accurate vision of the company and can bring better milk for Vietnamese people. Besides always following the major mission of TH group, this plan also suggests one-year marketing strategies for the company in domestic market. There are four main objectives: 1. 2. 3. 4.Introducing current products to the market to reach more customers Introducing a new kind of product to domestic market. Gaining 5% market share of dairy industry at the end of 2012 Creating a positive image f rom customers and building a strong basis to develop other company’s dairy products in the following years. Reference List 1. TH True Milk, Home, viewed 30 June 2012, 2. North Asian Bank, 2011, ‘Vietnamese dairy market and positive changes’, Vnexpress, 2011, viewed 30 June 2012 < http://vnexpress. net/gl/kinh-doanh/doanh-nghiep-viet/2011/12/thi-truongsua-viet-nam-va-nhung-thay-doi-tich-cuc/>.

Barilla Essay Research Paper Barilla SpA AGiorgio

Barilla Essay, Research Paper Barilla SpA ( A ) Giorgio Maggiali was going progressively frustrated. As manager of Logistics for the universe # 8217 ; s largest pasta manufacturer, Barilla SpA, he was acutely cognizant of the turning load that demand fluctuations imposed on the company # 8217 ; s fabrication and distribution system. Since his assignment in 1988 as Director of Logistics, he had been seeking to do headroom on an advanced thought proposed by Brando Vitali, who had served as Barilla # 8217 ; s manager of Logistics before Maggiali. The thought, which Vitali called Just-in-Time Distribution ( JITD ) , was modeled after the popular # 8220 ; Just-In-Time # 8221 ; fabricating construct. In kernel, Vitali proposed that, instead than follow the traditional pattern of presenting merchandise to Barilla # 8217 ; s distributers on the footing of whatever orders those distributers placed with the company, Barilla # 8217 ; s ain logistics organisation would alternatively stipulate the # 8220 ; appropriate # 8221 ; bringin g quantities-those that would more efficaciously fitting end consumer # 8217 ; s needs yet would besides more equally administer the work load on Barilla # 8217 ; s fabrication and logistics systems. For two old ages Maggiali, a strong protagonist of Vitali # 8217 ; s proposal, had tried to implement the thought, but now, in the spring of 1990, small advancement had been made. It seemed that Barilla # 8217 ; s clients were merely unwilling to give up their authorization to put orders as they pleased ; some were even loath to supply the elaborate gross revenues informations upon which Barilla could do bringing determinations and better its demand prognosiss. Possibly more disconcerting was the internal opposition from Barilla # 8217 ; s ain gross revenues and selling organisations, which saw the construct as impracticable or unsafe, or both. Possibly it was clip to fling the thought as merely impracticable. If non, how might he increase the opportunities that the thought would be accepted? Company Background Barilla was founded in 1875 when Pietro Barilla opened a little store in Parma, Italy on via Vittorio Emanuele. Bordering the store was the little # 8220 ; research lab # 8221 ; Pietro used to do the pasta and staff of life merchandises he sold in his shop. Pietro # 8217 ; s boy Ricardo led the company through a important period of growing, and in the 1940s, passed the company to his ain boies, Pietro and Gianni. Over clip, Barilla evolved from its modest beginnings into a big, vertically incorporate corporation with flour nothings, pasta workss, and bakery-product mills located throughout Italy. SPA ( Societa per Azioni ) can be translated as # 8220 ; Society for Stockholders # 8221 ; and interpreted as In a crowded field of over 2,000 Italian pasta makers, Pietro and Gianni Barilla differentiated their company with a high quality merchandise supported by advanced selling plans. Barilla revolutionized the Italian pasta industry # 8217 ; s selling patterns by making a strong trade name name and image for its pasta, selling pasta in a certain -cardboard box with a recognizable colour form, instead than in majority, and puting in large-scale advertisement plans. In 1968, to back up the double-digit gross revenues growing the company experienced during the 1960s, Pietro and Gianni Barilla began building of a 1.25 million square metre state-of-the art pasta works in Pedrignano, a rural town 5 kilometer outside of Parma. The cost of this monolithic facility-the largest and most technologically advanced pasta works in the world-drove the Barillas deeply into debt. In 1971, they sold the company to the American multi-national house W. R. Grace, Inc. Grace brought extra capital investing and professional direction patterns to the company and launched an of import new Mulino Bianco ( # 8220 ; White Mill # 8221 ; ) line of bakeshop merchandises. Throughout the 1970s, confronting hard economic conditions -and new Italian statute law that both capped retail pasta monetary values and increased cost-of-living allowances for employees, Grace struggled to do its Barilla acquisition wage off. In 1979, Grace sold the company back to Pietro Barilla, who by so had secured the # 8216 ; necessary financess to buy it. The capital investings and organisational alterations that Grace had brought to Barilla, combined with bettering market conditions, helped Pietro Barilla launch a successful return to the company. During 1980s, Barilla enjoyed an one-year growing rate of over 21 % ( see Exhibit 1 ) . Growth was realized through enlargement of bing concerns, both in Italy and other European states, every bit good as through acquisition of new, related concerns. In 1990, Barilla was the largest pasta maker in the universe, doing 35 % of all pasta sold in Italy and 229/6 of all pasta sold in Europe. Barilla # 8217 ; s portion in Italy comprised its three trade names: the traditional Barilla trade name represented 32 % of the market, the staying 3 % of market portion was divided between its Voiello trade name ( a traditional Neapolitan pasta viing in the costly section of the semolina pasta market ) and its Braibanti trade name ( a high-quality, traditional Parmesan pasta made from eggs and semolina ) . About half of Barilla # 8217 ; s pasta was sold in northern Italy and half in the South, where Barilla held a smaller portion of the market than in the North but where the market was larger. In add-on, Barilla held a 29 % portion of the Italian bakery-products market. In 1990, Barilla was organized into seven divisions: three pasta divisions ( Barilla, Voiello, and Braibanti ) the Bakery Products Division ( fabricating medium to hanker shelf-life bakeshop merchandises ) , the Fresh Bread Division ( fabricating really short shelf-life bakeshop merchandises ) , the Catering Division ( administering bars and frozen crescent rolls to bars and pastry stores ) , and the International Division. ( Exhibits 2 and 3 show the organisational construction of -the company. ) Corporate central offices were located next to the Pedrignano pasta works

W1CapA organizations business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W1CapA organizations business strategy - Essay Example 1). The current discourse aims to present a description and evaluation of an organization’s business strategy. As such, to comply with this objective, the business strategy of DHL for 2015 was explicitly noted as involving â€Å"three core objectives: we want to be the provider of choice for customers, an attractive investment for shareholders and the employer of choice for our staff. These goals are all closely related: satisfied employees lead to satisfied customers, on whose loyalty the economic success of the company rests† (DHL, 2015, p. 1). This business strategy was reportedly formulated in 2009. As such, the strategy would be described in greater depth and would be evaluated in terms of the ability of the organization to achieve the identified goals. According to Lipsett (2003), â€Å"the strategic management process consists of three stages: strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation† (p. 15). Under strategy formulation, the definition of the mission and vision statement of the organization is explicitly communicated. DHL’s mission and vision statements are as follows: As such, one of the effective indicators of the organization’s effectiveness in achieving its explicitly defined goals is through evaluation of its financial results, market share, and share price information. The following financial summary highlights the significant changes that DHL has achieved from 2009 to 2015 in â‚ ¬M: In retrospect, using selected financial indicators, it is evident that DHL has significantly exhibited robust professional growth from 2009, when the business strategy has been formulated. Through effective implementation of effectively designed organizational strategies, the identified goals are deemed to be successfully achieved. However, one strongly believes that the evaluation of DHL’s business strategy should also be undertaken in